[C++] 클래스

구조체

• 기본이 public

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct Student {
    private:
        string name;
    public:
        Student(string name) : name(name) {}

        string getName() {
            return name;
        }
};

int main() {
    Student student("ABC");

    cout << student.getName() << endl;

    return 0;
}

클래스

• 기본이 private

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Student {
    private:
        string name;
    public:
        Student(string name) : name(name) {}

        string getName() {
            return name;
        }
};

int main() {
    Student student1("ABC-1");
    Student student2 = Student("ABC-2");

    cout << student1.getName() << endl;
    cout << student2.getName() << endl;

    return 0;
}

생성자, 소멸자

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Student {
    public: 
        Student() {
            cout << "생성자" << endl;
        }

        ~Student() {
            cout << "소멸자" << endl;
        }
};

int main() {
    Student student;

    cout << "main 함수 시작" << endl;
    cout << "main 함수 종료" << endl;

    return 0;
}

클래스 정적 멤버

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Calculator {
    public: 
        static int add(int a, int b) {
            return a + b;
        }
};

int main() {
    int result = Calculator::add(2, 3);

    cout << result << endl;

    return 0;
}

연산자 오버로딩

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Vector2 {
    private:
        float x;
        float y;
    public:
        Vector2(float x, float y) : x(x), y(y) {}

        Vector2 operator+(Vector2 other) {
            return Vector2(x + other.x, y + other.y);
        }

        float getX() {
            return x;
        }

        float getY() {
            return y;
        }
};

int main() {
    Vector2 a(2, 3);
    Vector2 b(-1, 4);

    Vector2 c1 = a.operator+(b);
    Vector2 c2 = a + b;

    cout << c1.getX() << ", " << c1.getY() << endl;
    cout << c2.getX() << ", " << c2.getY() << endl;

    return 0;
}

동적할당

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Student {
    private:
        string name;
    public:
        Student(string name) : name(name) {}

        string getName() {
            return name;
        }
};

int main() {
    Student *student = new Student("ABC-3");

    cout << student->getName() << endl;

    delete student;

    return 0;
}